Nutraceutical, Antioxidant and Hepatic Histomorphological Effects of Tetrapleura tetraptera Leaves in Monosodium Glutamate-intoxicated Rats

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives: Tetrapleura tetraptera, a widely utilized plant in West Africa with high nutritious potential, has been implicated in amelioration diseases and conditions such as arthritis, asthma, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, epilepsy, schistosomiasis and even prevention of post-partum contraction. Monosodium glutamate on its own is consumed widely and does not appear in labels hence giving room for overdose. The objective of this study is to determine the nutraceutical composition, serum bio-functional parameters and serum antioxidant activities of Tetrapleura tetraptera in monosodium glutamate-intoxicated rats. Materials and Methods: Neutraceutical composition and histo-morphological effects of Tetrapleura tetraptera leave in Monosodium Glutamate-intoxicated rats were determined by using standard protocols. One way ANOVA was used in the statistical analysis using SPSS package version 22. Results: The result of the mineral content (mg/100g) was in the order sodium> magnesium> calcium> potassium while that of the vitamins was B₃>E>B₂>B₁>A. The highest proximate (%) content was carbohydrates while the lowest was fiber (1.02±0.01). The extract have very high phenolic (823.07-10.62 mg 100 g^-1) and flavonoid (672.66±5.07 mg 100 g^-1). The extract also showed very high FRAP and DPPH activities. There was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activity of the group's co-treated monosodium glutamate (MSG) and different concentrations of Tetrapleura tetraptera with the highest decrease noticed in low dose group that received only 200 mg kg^-1. This same trend was noticed in GSH concentration. Conclusion: Conclusively, Tetrapleura tetraptera, have high antioxidant activity, high mineral composition and ameliorates the toxic assault on the liver and kidney as established on monosodium glutamate-intoxicated rats.