Physicochemical Composition and Antioxidant Role of Chrysophyllum albidum Seed Endosperm in Monosodium Glutamate-Intoxicated Rats

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives: Chrysophyllum albidum seed is usually discarded as food waste and this constitutes an environmental challenge. Finding its medicinal use could lighten this burden and proffer natural solution to peroxidation which has been implicated as an underlying cause of many disease conditions. The objectives of this study are thus, to determine phytochemical compositions and antioxidant parameters of Chrysophyllum albidum seed. Materials and Methods: Physicochemical composition of Chrysophyllum albidum seed endosperm flour and the antioxidant role of its ethanol extract in monosodium glutamate-intoxicated rats were evaluated using standard protocols. SPSS version 22 was used for the one-way ANOVA analysis. Results: Proximate evaluation of the seed endosperm flour revealed the presence of dry matter> carbohydrates> moisture content> crude lipids> crude proteins> ash> fiber, while it's Vitamin estimation was in the order vitamin A> riboflavin B₂> thiamine B₁> niacin B₃. However, the anti-nutrients composition included oxalates> alkaloids> tannins> flavonoids> saponins> hydrocyanide while its mineral composition was in the order; sodium> potassium> calcium> magnesium. For In-vitro antioxidant activity, the extract showed higher DPPH radical inhibition at 250 μg mL^–1 (60.73%) compared to that of ascorbic acid standard (58.83%). The in-vivo antioxidant result for Malondialdehyde (MDA) a marker of lipid peroxidation was significantly (p<0.05) increased in MSG (8000 mg kg^–1) treated rats but showed slightly reduced peroxidation across the cotreated groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, C. albidum seed endosperm can be a rich source of minerals and vitamins and can be made a nutritional option for feed incorporation in the diets of man.